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In short, reinforcement increases target behavior and punishment decreases undesired behavior. The purpose of reinforcement is to reinforce the desired behavior, while the purpose of punishment is to reduce the likelihood that an undesired behavior will occur or continue. Īs positive and negative reinforcement exist, so do positive and negative punishment. The theory behind negative reinforcement operates on one assumption- if you stop doing that thing I don’t want you to do, you’ll get something you want. Parents often use negative reinforcement by lifting a restriction after a child cooperates-think, “You can have your phone back once you clean your room.” 4 Once the desired behavior is elicited (the toy is handed over), the unpleasant stimulus (the tantrum) is removed. The screaming meltdown in the toy aisle that doesn’t stop until you buy the desired toy? That’s a Skinner-worthy example of negative reinforcement. 3 It sounds confusing, but it’s a method we’ve probably all used at some point in our lives without knowing it. Actually, negative reinforcement is when you take away something negative or unpleasant when someone behaves the way you want. What Is Negative Reinforcement?Īs the flip side of positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement is often assumed to be punishment. ![]()
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